The epigenome is a molecular marking system that controls gene expression without altering the DNA sequence.
Image credit: Dreamstime表观基因是变DNA序列的前提下控制基因表达的分子标记系统。
Alternatively, a new version of a gene can also be created through reverse transcription: during gene expression, the mRNA is copied back into a sequence of DNA that is inserted into the genome.
其二,新的基因复本也可能透过反转录作用,将基因表现出来的mRNA反转录成DNA序列,再插回基因组内,这种现象称为反转录移位(retrotransposition),发生细胞内称为长散布核因子(LINE)的转位子活动时。
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